a)\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{2,5}{100}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

Mol:     0,025     0,0125                0,025

⇒ m_HCl=0,0125.36,5=0,45625 (g)

 ⇒ m_ddHCl = 0,45625:20% = 2,28125 (g)

b)PTHH: CO₂ + 2NaOH → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

 Mol:      0,025     0,05

 \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddNaOH}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25M\)

a)

PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

Mol:     0,025       0,05                   0,025

⇒ m_HCl=0,05.36,5=1,825 (g)

 ⇒ m_ddHCl = 1,825:20% = 9,125 (g)

Chia nhỏ câu hỏi ra bạn nhé !

Câu 2 : 

$n_{HCl} = 0,2.1 + 0,3.1,5 = 0,65(mol)$
$V_{dd} = 0,2 + 0,3 = 0,5(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,65}{0,5} =1,3M$

Câu 3 : 

Gọi $m_{H_2O\ cần\ thêm} =a (gam)$

Sau khi thêm : 

$m_{NaOH} = 100.35\% = 35(gam)$
$m_{dd} = 100 + a(gam)$

Suy ra:  $\dfrac{35}{100 + a}.100\% = 20\%$

Suy ra: a = 75(gam)

Câu 4 : 

Gọi $V_{dd\ HCl\ 2M} =a (lít) ; V_{dd\ HCl\ 3M} = b(lít)$

Ta có : 

$a + b = 4$
$2a + 3b = 4.2,75$

Suy ra a = 1(lít) ; b = 3(lít)

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot4\%}{40}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)

\(0.2..............0.1..............0.1\)

\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}=0.5\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0.1\cdot142=14.2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=200+510=710\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14.2}{710}\cdot100\%=2\%\)

Ta có: m_NaOH = 200.4% = 8 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

_____0,2______0,1_______0,1 (mol)

a, \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)

b, Chất có trong dd sau pư là Na₂SO₄.

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m _{dd NaOH} + m _{dd H2SO4} = 200 + 510 = 710 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.142}{710}.100\%=2\%\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.4}{100}=8\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

a) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4}}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)

b) \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{\text{dd sau pư}}=m_{ddNaOH}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=200+510=710\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{Na_2SO_4}}{m_{\text{dd sau pư}}}.100\%=\dfrac{14,2}{710}.100\%=2\%\)

a) \(PT:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaOH+H_2O\)

b) \(m_{HCl}=\frac{200.10,95\%}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\frac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

c) \(n_{NaOH}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưNaOH\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,6-0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

d) \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl\left(pưCaCO_3\right)}=0,5.\frac{1}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,25.100=25\left(g\right)\)

e) \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{CO_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

f) \(n_{CaCl_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddA}=25+200-0,25.44=214\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\frac{0,25.111}{214}.100\%=12,97\%\)

\(C\%_{ddHCldư}=\frac{0,1.36,5}{214}.100\%=1,71\%\)

a) \(n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1.0,3=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CH₃COOH + NaOH --> CH₃COONa + H₂O

                  0,03---->0,03--------->0,03

=> \(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,03}{1,5}=0,02\left(l\right)\)

b) m_CH3COONa = 0,03.82 = 2,46 (g)

c) \(C_{M\left(CH_3COONa\right)}=\dfrac{0,03}{0,1+0,02}=0,25M\)

\(n_{NaOH}=0,5.0,02=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Pt:NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

0,01 mol 0,3mol\(\rightarrow0,01mol\)

Lập tỉ số: n_NaOH : n_HCl = 0,01 < 0,3

\(\Rightarrow\) NaOH hết; HCl dư

\(m_{NaCl}=0,01.58,5=0,585\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,01=0,29\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl\left(Dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,29}{0,3}=1M\)

Theo đề bài ta có :

nNaOH=0,5.0,02=0,01 mol

nHCl=1.0,3=0,3 mol

Ta có PTHH :

2NaOH + 2HCl -> 2NaCl + 2H2O

0,01mol....0,01mol....0,01mol

Ta có tỉ lệ :

nNaOH=\(\dfrac{0,01}{2}mol< nHCl=\dfrac{0,3}{2}mol\)

=> nHCl dư ( tính theo nNaOH )

a) mNaCl=0,01.58,5=0,585 g

b) Nồng độ mol của chất tan dung dịch sau p/ư là :

CM_NaCl = 0,01/0,02=0,5(M)

c) Muốn p/ư xẩy ra hoàn toàn thì cần phải thêm số ml dd NaOH 0,5M là :

VddNaOH=\(\dfrac{0,01}{0,5}=0,02\left(l\right)=20\left(ml\right)\)

Vậy .....

\(\text{1)}m_{KOH}=40.35\%=14\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ \text{Theo pthh}:n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=0,25.0,5=0,125\left(l\right)\)

\(\text{2)}n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,05}{27}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=200.14,7\%=29,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\\ \text{PTHH}:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \text{LTL}:\dfrac{0,15}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư}\)

\(\text{Theo pthh}:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,15=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(\text{sau phản ứng}\right)}=200+4,05-0,3.2=203,45\left(g\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\text{ dư}}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,225\right).98}{203,45}=3,61\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,075}{203,45}=12,61\%\end{matrix}\right.\)